(The Diplomat, Arlington, 5 December) The U.S. Treasury Department’s decision to slap sanctions on Gazprombank poses a potential major headache for Uzbekistan’s burgeoning mining industry, which until now has relied on the Russian lender to finance a $4.8 billion mine expansion set to nearly double the country’s copper production. The U.S. designation of Gazprombank could also result in a major financial hit for European mining and engineering firms, banks, and state-backed export credit agencies active in Uzbekistan, which have thus far continued to transact with entities financed by Gazprombank. Gazprombank has established partnerships with major world financial institutions and leading national import-export agencies. Access to international capital markets helps Gazprombank’s customers attract considerable amounts of funding on convenient terms. UKEF has guaranteed a €12.6m loan to Uzbekistan’s Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex to refinance its purchase of fully automated machinery from the Scottish multinational Weir.
Arms
Sinosure reportedly begins refusing to insure exports to Russia
(Kyive Independent, Kyiv, 6 November 2024) Chinese state-owned company Sinosure that insures export supplies against the risk of non-payment has begun to refuse to cooperate with Russian entrepreneurs, Russian newspaper Vedomosti reported on Nov. 5, citing four unnamed sources from importing companies. Trade between Russia and China has reportedly surged by 121% since 2021, underscoring Beijing’s role as Moscow’s economic lifeline. One Chinese supplier told a Russian importer that the company refused to insure their deal because of the nature of the exported goods. Since July, China has tightened export controls on military and dual-use products, the Moscow Times reported. Beijing has positioned itself as neutral in the ongoing war but has deepened economic ties with Russia and become Moscow’s leading source of dual-use goods, feeding the Russian defense industry.
UKEF signs £4bn air defence deal with Poland
(Financial Times, London, 7 November 2024) Britain has agreed a £4bn air defence deal with Poland, the largest-ever export contract between the two countries, in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The UK will equip Polish forces with a ground-based air defence system capable of countering threats such as cruise missiles and fighter jets at ranges of more than 40km. The system, known as the Common Anti-Air Modular Missiles — Extended Range or CAMM-ER, is manufactured by European missile maker MBDA. MBDA is owned by BAE Systems and Airbus, both with a 37.5 per cent stake, with Italy’s Leonardo holding the balance.
US Defense Dept Strategic Capital “arsenal”
(Lexology, London, 30 October 2024) The US Defence Department’s Office of Strategic Capital (OFC) is one of the newest entrants in the US Federal arsenal of finance tools for growth companies, providing loans between $10M and $150M to develop critical technologies vital to national security, with an initial program of up to $984M. Another US federal loan program is the Dept. of Energy’s Loan Program Office (LPO) which has a “budget” of up to $300 billion to finance domestic renewable energy companies and projects. Together with USEXIM’s “Make More in America Program” (MMIA), created to spur U.S. manufacturing and create more resilient supply chains, these three often overlooked federal finance mechanisms take on the credit risk which traditional banks and non-bank lenders (e.g. private equity) cannot [or will not] take on and which impose terms that crush return on investment. [Rare earths developer Australian Strategic Materials (ASM) has indicated that Australian firms can potentially access US Department of Defence funding under the newly set up Office of Strategic Capital.]
Ukranian ECA insures first investment loan against war risks
(Government of Ukraine, Kiev, 16 September 2024) The Export Credit Agency (ECA) has signed the first war risk insurance contract for an investment loan. This was announced by First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy of Ukraine Yuliia Svyrydenko during the event “Economic Policy of Ukraine. Recovery During the War” in Kyiv on 16 September.
Ukraine and UK sign defence export finance and nuclear supply deals
(Global Trade Review, London, 24 July 2024) The UK and Ukraine have signed an expanded defence pact and an export credit deal for the Ukrainian nuclear energy operator. A Defence Export Support Treaty, signed last week during a visit to London by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, will allow Kyiv to use part of UK Export Finance’s (UKEF) £3.5bn capacity for Ukraine coverage to purchase military goods and services. The treaty expands on a similar agreement signed in 2021 covering exports to Ukraine’s navy. The text of the document has not been published and it still requires ratification by the UK parliament.
Gaza/Red Sea crisis: Export credit availability called to limit impact on Indian exports
(Business Standard, Delhi, 11 April 2024) The Ministry of Finance has written to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (Irdai) to monitor export credit availability, and insurance premium increases to help Indian exporters deal with trade disruptions in the Red Sea due to Houthi attacks on cargo ships.
Ankura business consultants’ turning points for EXIM
(Ankura Consultants, 20 March 2024) The U.S. Export-Import Bank (EXIM) is among the most impactful government agencies when it comes to helping U.S. companies compete for business internationally, finance domestic manufacturing, and build resilient supply chains. Up until 2019, EXIM policies and products were little changed despite the U.S. economy evolving dramatically away from traditional manufacturing to a technology and services-dominated economy. As a result, EXIM users are calling for EXIM to be more relevant and adaptable to our 21st-century economy. Lawmakers are hearing these calls and becoming more receptive to EXIM reform. For example, in 2019, Congress gave EXIM a mandate to bolster U.S. company competitiveness concerning China. EXIM users applauded. More reforms are under consideration in Washington.
Five Key EXIM Bank Reforms proposed by Ankura in Washington:
- 1. Revise EXIM’s U.S. Content Policies to Reflect the Modern Global Supply Chain and Export Finance Environment.
- 2. Codify EXIM’s “Make More in America Initiative” (MMIA)
- 3. Raise EXIM’s 2% Statutory Default Limit and Exempt Technology, Nuclear and National Security Related Financings.
- 4. Modify EXIM’s Underwriting Criterion of “Reasonable Assurance of Repayment.”
- 5. Repeal or Modify EXIM’s Prohibition of Financing Sales of Defense Articles and Services
Pentagon pitched EXIM Australian nickel investment
(Australian Financial Review, Washington, 8 March 2024) The Pentagon held discussions with Resources Minister Madeleine King about how it could co-invest in an Australian nickel project alongside the Australian government to help mitigate the impact of a glut undermining future critical minerals self-reliance. Ms King met with the under-secretary of defence for acquisition and sustainment, Bill La Plante, at the Pentagon on Thursday (Friday AEDT) to discuss options available following a collapse in the nickel price that has led to the closure and write-down of Australian projects. “The options around collaboration of government financing agencies with those out of America might be EXIM, or under the Defence Production Act,” she said. The Export-Import Bank is the export credit arm of the US federal government.
Financing uncertainty clouds South Korean ECA push for massive arms deals
(Reuters, London, 8 February 2024) Legislation aimed at increasing South Korea’s import-export lending to support huge new defence sales has stalled amid partisan deadlock ahead of a divisive parliamentary election, officials and analysts said. South Korea’s ruling and opposition parties have both introduced bills to boost the state bank’s equity capital to 25 trillion-35 trillion won ($19 billion-$26 billion), raising the lending limit to 10 trillion-14 trillion won, as the country seeks to expedite Poland’s $22 billion weapons purchase. The sale is a key part of South Korea’s plan to become the world’s fourth-largest defence exporter by 2027. But under current law, the Export-Import Bank of Korea cannot lend more than 40% of its roughly 15 trillion won of equity capital, or about 6 trillion won, to a single borrower. The state bank already provided about 6 trillion won in credit during the first phase of the deal with Poland, South Korea’s biggest-ever weapons sale. If there is no credit line to finance procurement from South Korea it could put the unsigned procurement of 308 K9 howitzers and 820 K2 Black Panther tanks in jeopardy,
