(Enviro News, Lagos, 9 June 2023) The Norwegian government has been accused of climate hypocrisy after it emerged that the government export credit agency, Eksfin, has approved finance for the Sakarya gas field in the Black Sea. The Sakarya gas field project, owned by Turkish Petroleum, a Turkish state-owned enterprise, is considered to contain “the largest gas reserves discovered in the Turkish Exclusive Economic Zone as well as in the Black Sea.” The field is set to continue production “until the field reaches its economic limit in 2057.” Norway has previously been criticised for being the last country in north-west Europe to not sign the Glasgow Statement, an agreement at the COP26 climate conference that commits signatories to end government-backed finance for international fossil fuel projects. Previous analysis of the Sakarya gas field by Oil Change International shows that the project will emit at least 140 million tonnes of carbon dioxide in its first phase. Norway’s annual emissions of 48.9 million tonnes (as of 2022) mean this project will emit nearly three times the annual emissions of the entire country. Campaigners are accusing the Norwegian government of inconsistency and hypocrisy. While Norway is a major donor to aid projects that help developing countries mitigate and adapt to climate change, it is also financing fossil fuel projects that make climate change worse.
Newsletter
SBM Offshore completes US$1.615 billion financing of Alexandre de Gusmão offshore Brazil FPSO
(Yahoo Finance, Brazil, 20 June 2023) SBM Offshore is pleased to announce it has signed the project financing of its floating production storage and offloading unit (FPSO) Alexandre de Gusmão for a total of US$1.615 billion. The project financing is provided by a consortium of 12 international banks with insurance cover from 3 international Export Credit Agencies. It will have a processing capacity of 180,000 barrels of oil and 12 million m3 of gas per day. The FPSO construction is progressing as per plan with the expected first oil in the second half of 2024. FPSO Alexandre de Gusmão is owned and operated by special purpose companies owned by affiliated companies of SBM Offshore (55%) and its partners (45%). The FPSO will be deployed at the Mero unitized field located in the Santos Basin approximately 160 kilometers offshore Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, under a 22.5-year lease and operating contract with Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. The Mero unitized field is operated by Petrobras (38.6%), in partnership with Shell Brasil (19.3%), TotalEnergies (19.3%), CNPC (9.65%), CNOOC (9.65%) and Pré-sal Petróleo S.A. – PPSA (3.5%), representing the Government in the non-contracted area. [Despite very extensive press coverage of the project, not one article mentions which 3 ECAs are providing insurance coverage.]
How Major Economy’s ECAs are Breaking their own Climate Change Pledges
(Byline Times, London, 16 June 2023) OECD countries are continuing to pour tens of billions of pounds into fossil fuel projects, despite their obligations to switch to clean energy sources. Advanced economies are breaking their own climate change obligations by investing massively in fossil fuels rather than switching to clean energy sources, according to a landmark new report. The OECD’s export finance initiatives are in contravention of internationally-determined climate change obligations. In 2021, 39 governments signed the Clean Energy Partnership at the COP26 conference in Glasgow, an agreement which committed to “driving multilateral negotiations in international bodies, in particular in the OECD, to review, update and strengthen their governance frameworks to align with the Paris Agreement goals”. Yet despite 52% of OECD countries having signed the Partnership agreement, fossil gas received 30% of all OECD export finance between 2018 and 2020. The report confirmed that “despite long standing commitments to align financial flows with climate goals, public finance and, in particular, export finance remains skewed in favour of fossil energy”.
OECD allows support for fossil-based technologies under agreed ‘climate incentives’
(Price of Oil, Paris, 23 June 2023) The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) recently agreed on terms and conditions for climate-friendly export financing as part of its revised Climate Change Sector Understanding (CCSU). While the agreement enables incentives for renewable energy projects like solar and wind, it also provides incentives for hydrogen and ammonia, including fossil gas derived hydrogen, and fossil fuel power plants with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The agreement does nothing to restrict oil and gas financing. The OECD’s export credit agencies are the world’s largest international public financiers of fossil fuels. Recent analysis by Oil Change International shows that OECD countries supported fossil fuel exports by an average of $41 billion from 2018 to 2020, almost five times more than their clean energy support ($8.5 billion) over the same period. As such, OECD Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) play a critical role in propping up high-emitting projects, such as LNG infrastructure, which in turn shapes our future global energy system. For example, OECD ECAs have supported 56 percent of new hazardous liquified gas (LNG) export terminal capacity built in the last decade. According to International Energy Agency (IEA) and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios, maintaining a 50% chance to limit global warming to 1.5°C requires an immediate end to investments in new oil, gas, and coal production and LNG infrastructure. This underlines an urgent need for the OECD to, as called for by over 175+ CSOs, end export support for new fossil fuel projects.
UK’s top court rejects Friends of the Earth’s appeal over government’s funding for Mozambique LNG project
(Upstream Online, London, 23 June 2023) The UK’s top court has thrown out an application by Friends of the Earth (FoE) to appeal a case it lost earlier this year against the government’s funding of TotalEnergies’ $20 billion Mozambique LNG project. FoE had argued in the Court of Appeal in January this year that the UK should not have provided export credit finance to the huge liquefied natural gas project because it went against the government’s climate change policy and failed to adequately take into account Scope 3 emissions from the scheme.
African sovereign debt poses challenges for ECA activity
(TFX News, London, 31 May 2023) The spectre of increasing sovereign debt has the potential to swamp future export finance deals and projects in several African jurisdictions. The changes to the OECD Arrangement on officially supported export credit financing put forward in March this year has been ‘music to the ears’ of all those in the industry calling for fundamental reform. We expect to hear more detail from the OECD in July, but from the provisional announcement it looks like tenors on certain transactions will be extended and repayment schedules relaxed for deals in certain sectors, giving greater impetus to deals and projects in the energy transition arena as well as providing a boost to social infrastructure transactions. Many African markets are seen as being challenging largely because of a range of serious risks – and the main ones are often cited as: the debt trap, coups, civil war, terrorism and political risk. In fact, at a recent TXF conference I learned that there are currently 68+ armed conflicts taking place across Africa – when I had originally estimated 40. This announcement has been strongly welcomed by those working in emerging markets, and particularly those active in African markets where so much basic infrastructural and social project work is required … and where ECA-backed finance will be key.
Indonesia’s Pertamina reaches $3.1 billion ECA and bank financing deal for Balikpapan oil refinery
(Reuters, Jakarta, 24 June 2023) Indonesia’s state energy company Pertamina (PERTM.UL) reached a $3.1 billion financing deal with a number of export credit agencies and commercial banks to fund the upgrade of its Balikpapan refinery, the company said on Saturday. The lenders include export credit agencies from South Korea, Italy and the United States, and 22 commercial banks. Pertamina will use the funds for the expansion of its Balikpapan oil refinery to a capacity of 360,000 barrels per day (bpd), from 260,000 bpd. Pertamina claims it will be able to produce more environmentally friendly fuels. [Oil Change International noted in May that US President Biden has broken a major G7 climate promise by financing this Indonesian oil refinery.]
SWEDWATCH: The EU must urgently review its outdated policy on export credits
(Swedwatch, Stockholm, 27 April 2023) Despite promises to make financial flows consistent with a low-carbon economy, EU member states continue to provide financial support to the fossil fuel industry through export credits. It is time that the EU Commission replaces its outdated policy with new and ambitious regulation, prohibiting export support to oil and gas, Swedwatch argues in a new policy paper. “Export credit agencies are the world’s largest international public financiers of fossil fuels. In the EU, the lack of an ambitious regulatory framework allows for oil and gas projects to continue to be supported through state-backed export finance, undermining EU contributions to climate goals. This gap needs to be urgently addressed“, says Davide Maneschi, climate change program officer at Swedwatch. Export credit agencies (ECAs) have a critical role in the energy transition, as they de-risk large scale infrastructure and energy projects. However, in the period 2019-2021, some six years after the Paris Agreement was signed, G20 export credit agencies provided seven times more support for exports of fossil fuel projects than for clean energy. In an April 27 policy paper Swedwatch calls on the European Commission to promptly initiate a reform of the regulatory framework on the activities of ECAs, ensuring that they are aligned with the Paris Agreement 1.5°C climate change mitigation goals and EU climate objectives.
EU greenlights Denmark’s export and investment fund
(ScandAsia, Bangkok, 18 May 2023) The European Commission has approved Danish measures to set up Denmark’s Export and Investment Fund. The fund has a total estimated value of over €4 billion. It aims at supporting economic development, competitiveness, innovation, and growth for Danish companies. Denmark notified the commission its plans to set up the fund, with an initial capital of up to €807 million. The fund will be established as a new, fully state-owned entity gathering three existing state-owned entities: the Danish Growth Fund, the EKF Denmark’s Export Credit Agency and the Danish Green Investment Fund.
Heads of G7 Export Credit Agencies – Meeting Statement
(UK Government, Rome, 19 May 2023) The leaders of official Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) of G7 Countries – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom and the United States of America – met on May 16th in Rome, hosted by SACE, the Italian ECA. The meeting provided a framework for an open and constructive exchange around topics of relevance for the financing of global trade, from a practical and policy perspective. Discussions centred on recent business trends in the ECA industry, new instruments implemented to address the challenges currently faced by national exporters, policies and initiatives related to climate, as well as on joint support for the reconstruction process in Ukraine:
