(Energy Monitor, London, 17 April 2023) All 38 members of the OECD have pledged to reach net zero, with the US and EU in the middle of hugely significant domestic decarbonisation programmes. Yet export finance remains misaligned with the requirements of net zero, directing seven times more support to fossil fuels ($33.5bn per year) than renewables (just $4.7bn per year) on average from 2019 to 2021, according to the OCI. Between 2019 and 2021, OECD ECAs were the world’s largest public international financiers of energy projects. Although China is not subject to the OECD Arrangement guidelines, “a general trend has seen Chinese international public finance eventually follow the OECD guidelines, which also help shape G7 and G20 commitments”, says Nina Pušić, from the NGO Oil Change International (OCI). China’s international coal financing ban, for example, came into effect the same year that the OECD ECAs introduced a similar ban. OECD ECAs (most notably Japan, South Korea and Canada) were the world’s largest public international financiers of oil and gas between 2019 and 2021. Canada has since implemented a pledge made at COP26 to end export finance for oil and gas, but others, including Japan, the US and South Korea, have yet to either make such a pledge or fully follow on through on it. There is a campaign under way from 175 civil society groups from more than 45 countries – including the OCI, the Club of Rome and Friends of the Earth – for the OECD to phase out international public financing of fossil fuels.
OECD
Italy Vows to Support Fossil Fuel Projects At Least Until 2028 Despite COP26 Pledge to Cut Investments
(Earth Org, Hong Kong, 28 March 2023) ) The new policy will allow Italy’s export credit agency SACE to support various fossil fuel projects, including exploration, production, storage, and distribution. Climate experts have strongly criticised the move, saying it would breach international commitments and slow down the country’s green transition. The new rules, presented by Premier Giorgia Meloni last week, will allow Italy’s state-owned export credit agency SACE to finance gas exploration and production projects until January 2026. Existing exemptions, which include projects deemed “strategic” for the nation’s energy and economic security, could postpone the date even further. Support for oil transport, storage, and refining projects will be allowed until 2024, and oil distribution until 2028. A deadline for gas transport and storage has yet to be defined.
Italy waters down fossil fuel pledge as Sace backs gas
(Global Trade review, London, 22 March 2023) Italy has walked away from a pledge to end support for international fossil fuel projects by the end of last year, indicating it will continue to provide export credit cover for parts of the oil industry in the short term and delaying a decision to put an end date on its backing for the gas sector. Sace, the Italian export credit agency (ECA), yesterday published its long-anticipated plan for complying with its commitment alongside other nations at the 2021 Cop26 summit to “end new direct public support for the international unabated fossil fuel energy sector… except in limited and clearly defined circumstances that are consistent with a 1.5°C warming limit and the goals of the Paris Agreement”. Signatories were supposed to have nixed backing for the sector by the end of last year, but the Sace policy shows that the agency did not end support for all exports involving the oil or gas sectors by that deadline. The policy shows that Sace ended support for unabated gas-fired power generation in January this year, but gas exploration and production facilities will still qualify for support until 2026.
Commitment to end international finance for fossil fuels is shifting billions but key countries are missing in action
(Oil Change International, Washington, 15 March 2023) Promise Breakers, a report released today by Oil Change International, reveals that the Glasgow Statement, a joint commitment forged at the 2021 UN climate summit (COP26), is already shifting an estimated USD 5.7 billion per year out of fossil fuels and into clean energy, with the potential of a further 13.7 billion per year if all Glasgow Statement signatories fulfill their commitments. At COP26 in Glasgow, 39 countries and institutions pledged to end international public finance for fossil fuels by the end of 2022 and shift this money to clean energy. This report is the first international assessment of signatories’ implementation of the commitment since the passing of the end of 2022 deadline. The report reveals that while some high-income countries have kept their Glasgow commitment, a group of major providers of international public finance have broken their promise, including Germany, Italy, and the United States. The report contains a detailed report card on each signatories’ policies, with recommendations for improvement.
OECD Arrangement participants fail to clinch modernisation deals
(Global Trade Review, London, 15 March 2023) A meeting of the OECD Arrangement on export credits ended last week without an announcement of a breakthrough on any key planks in its modernisation agenda. The arrangement was created to avoid like-minded countries from undercutting each other on pricing but has been undermined by the fact that major export credit providers such as China and India are not members. Commercial banks, export credit agencies (ECAs), the European Union and governments who host export credit-supported projects have called for changes to minimum pricing, tenors and clear rules on sustainable financing to ensure that OECD ECAs remain competitive and can support a broad range of projects. Oil Change International, an NGO that campaigns for an end to public finance for fossil fuels, says it is disappointed that there was no apparent agreement on the Climate Change Sector Understanding (CCSU) aspect of the arrangement in order to boost incentives for green projects. OCI further notes that “OECD countries failed to conclude negotiations on climate friendly incentives to align Export Credit Agencies, the world’s largest international financiers of fossil fuels, with international climate goals”, adding “the world cannot afford another wasted minute” and reminding them that 175 civil society institutions have called on the arrangement members to end support for fossil fuel projects by their ECAs.
Progress within export finance on sustainability, but changes sorely needed on OECD Arrangement
(TXF, London, 10 February 2023) The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) White Paper update of its 2021 report shows that ECAs and banks have made good progress on the sustainability front, but lack of change to the OECD Arrangement is holding the sector back. The original White Paper (produced by ICC, Acre Impact Capital, The Rockefeller Foundation, and International Financial Consulting) provided policy and product recommendations designed to align the industry with the United Nations SDGs. The White Paper not only offers a roadmap towards a more sustainable export finance industry, but also provides suggestions from industry participants as to how the sector can change to ensure there are better terms for financing particularly for social projects and transactions. Launched at an ICC workshop on 8 February in Paris, discussions took place around the policy aspect, the framework alignment, the positive steps already witnessed and the route ahead for the sector including the roadblocks that are getting in the way of further improvements. Speaking to TXF about the Whiter Paper update, Chris Mitman, co-chair of the ICC Sustainability Working Group (ICC SWG) said: “It’s clear from this White Paper update that the vast majority of export finance participants – banks and ECAs – have individually made step changes in their response to the SDG delivery challenge. It’s also clear at an industry level there are encouraging signals from the EU and the majority of the Berne Union membership that a fundamental reform of the regulatory framework – most notably the OECD consensus – is required.” He added: “It’s critical therefore, that those few who are fortunate enough and have the privilege of holding seats at these unprecedented OECD modernisation discussions, take this once in a lifetime opportunity to put the export finance industry in a fundamentally stronger position to contribute meaningfully to the delivery of the SDGs.”
Insurance giant Marsh under fire over role in controversial oil project
(Inclusive Development International, Asheville NC, 7 February 2023) Ugandan, Tanzanian and U.S.-based human rights and environmental groups have lodged a formal complaint alleging that Marsh is violating OECD guidelines for responsible business conduct by serving as insurance broker for the planned East African Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP). The complainants are calling for Marsh to drop its insurance brokerage role for the EACOP. Inclusive Development International and 10 human rights and environmental organizations in Uganda and Tanzania, which are remaining anonymous due to fear of reprisals, filed a complaint to the U.S. government today alleging that New York-based insurance giant Marsh, a member of the Marsh McLennan group, violated international guidelines for responsible business conduct by serving as insurance broker for the highly controversial East African Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP). The groups submitted the complaint to the U.S. National Contact Point (NCP) for the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, an office within the U.S. State Department tasked with handling allegations against American companies.
OECD Civil Society Joint Position on ECA oil and gas restrictions
(Oil Change International, Washington, 27 February 2023) Over 175+ organizations from over 45 countries have signed onto a Joint Civil Society Position calling for a robust prohibition on oil and gas finance under the OECD Arrangement on Export Credits. Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) are the world’s largest international public financiers of fossil fuels, supporting an average of over $33 billion USD per year in fossil fuels- which is 7x the amount of their support for renewable energy. The Joint Position calls on OECD negotiators, including the US, EU Commission, Canada, UK, and others, to table a robust proposal on oil and gas prohibition to listen to the science and align the Arrangement with a 1.5C warming trajectory. One week before international negotiators meet at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris (March 6-9) to discuss aligning export finance with international climate goals, more than 175 civil society organizations (CSOs) from over 45 countries have released a Joint Position calling on world leaders to end OECD export finance for oil and gas, and explaining how it can be done. They urge OECD members who consider themselves climate leaders to table a proposal for doing so. The position is also supported by the Co-presidents of the Club of Rome,
EU adopts new package of sanctions against Russia
(Brussels Times, Brussels, 17 December 2022) The Council of the European Union (Council of Ministers) adopted on Friday a package of new measures intended to step up pressure on Russia in response to its ‘continuing war of aggression against Ukraine and the gravity of the current escalation against civilians and civilian infrastructure’. The EU will reinforce the sanctioning of investments by additionally prohibiting new investments in the Russian mining sector, with the exception of mining and quarrying activities involving certain critical raw materials. Export credit guarantees for investments in Russia have already been covered by previous sanction packages.
Fitch affirms SACE now under Italian government control
(Fitch, Milan, 29 November 2022) Fitch Ratings has affirmed that SACE’s shares were transferred back to the national government from Cassa Depositi e Prestiti SpA (BBB/Stable) in March 2022, changing SACE’s mission from an unregulated export credit insurer to a government agency underwriting insurance policies backed by a state guarantee. The Ministry of Finance [now] retains governance rights over SACE and outlines operational features, according to which SACE operates on behalf of the national government. Fitch expects insurance-related costs to increase in 2023 alongside the macroeconomic volatility triggered by the Russia-Ukraine war and rising commodities prices that could adversely affect Italian export and domestic activities in the short term. SACE’s exposure to Russia, Ukraine and Belarus is limited and was fully covered with EUR91 million provision as of June 2022. As we noted last month, the Italian government is considering support for international fossil fuel projects that would emit 3.5 times Italy’s annual emissions, despite major climate promises. Italy is also considering the nationalization of an oil refinery owned by Russian energy giant Lukoil as well as providing additional guarantees by Italian export credit agency SACE for the purchase of oil outside Russia and selling the refinery to a third-party investor.
